SPANİSH SOCİALİST WORKERS' PARTY

        SPANİSH SOCİALİST WORKERS’ PARTY

           (Spanish: Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE)

                              

            The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Espanol--PSOE) is the oldest political party in Spain. Founded by Pablo Iglesias in 1879 as a Marxist proletarian party, it evolved alongside the trade u nion UGT, which was the basis of its support.  İglesis in 1873 applied to join the association of art printers and the folowing year was chosen as its president. From tihis platform he began several years of secret work preparing to start the world’s second workers party.   On 22 may 1879, at a renoewd clandestine banquet of international brotherhood in Madrid, twenty-five people founded the socialist workers party.  The goal of both organizations was to obtain a voice for the working class in the political arena. As the party began to win parliamentary seats in the 1920s and the early 1930s, its membership began to broaden to include intellectuals, writers, and teachers.

     The PSOE was founded with the purpose of representing the interests of the working class born from the industrial revlution with the declared objective of achieving socialism, and inspried by the revolutionary principles of marxsizm. İt is marxist party and socail democracy party.

    Psoe is one of the main parties of spain parties. we said he describe a socaila and maxist party. Party is a member of the international socialist organizations. The socialist internatioanal was formed in 1989  and organization have many parties on the different countries ( however republican people party of our countries   member to organizations).  İts active participation in strikes from 1899 to 1902 and especaially its electoral coalition with the main republican parties led in 1910 to the election of Pablo iglesias as the first socialist representative in the spanish cortes.

    The psoe’s first experience as a governing party was during the turbelent second republic, its time of leadership was short lived. The party experienced severe repression under dictator franco, and its leaders went to exile to primarily in france. Party was closed and divided three wings. During the civil war years. Psoe was divided into three parts. First wings a lieftist revolutionary marxist wing led by Francisco largo caballero taht advocated dictatorship of the proletariat, nationalization of every industry, and total redistribution of land; social democrat faction led by indalecio prieto ; and the other wings, reformist led by julian besteiro.

    The dictator Francisco franco banned the psoe in 1939 and it was legalized again in 1977. during franco’s rule it was persecuted, with many leaders, members and supporters beings imprisoned  or exiled an deven executed.

                           Froncisco franco terms on the spain

     Francisco franco was a spanish military general and head of satet of spain. Franco franco get a governemnt to pseo party with strikes. He was head of sapain from 1936 until his death in november 1975. during Francisco franco terms many socialist parties member was killed, exiled, imporisined, executed by Francisco franco managements. On the dictatorship of Francisco franco the psoe was illegal and it was persecuted.

    Many of their leaders and militants were assassinated, improsened or they went to france, the United states or mexico. In the mid-1950s, socialist groups began to organize within Spain; and, in the 1960s a small group of activists, led by two young labor lawyers from Seville (Spanish Sevilla), Alfonso Guerra and Felipe Gonzalez, revived the PSOE and began to agitate for changes within the party. The leaders in exile had fought in the Civil War, and they had strong feelings against compromising the ideological purity of their cause by collaborating with other forces opposing Franco.  The younger activists, with no personal memories of the Civil War, were willing to work with other anti Franco groups to the left as well as to the right of the PSOE. These young socialists, who had been strongly influenced by Social Democrats in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), also favored a more moderate ideology than the rigid Marxism of the old guard .

                         FELİPE GONZALEZ’S TERM

       

   After the dictatorsihip government wihich went to abroud came to again to spain. İn the first democratic election it become the second party on the election with 30 % of the votes. However on the on the 25.th congress felipe gonzalez was elected to party leaders. Gonzalez was a reformist. Before gonzalez period making policail is banned by dictatorships Francisco franco. By 1972 the struggle for power between these two groups had been won by the younger generation at twelfth congress in 1974 .

    Gonzalez was elected secretary general of the PSOE.  the PSOE essentially cooperated with the reform plans set forth by Suarez, as did the other major leftist groups. When the country's first free elections since the Civil War were held in June 1977, the PSOE became Spain's leading opposition party.  In 1977 psoe became the official opposition party with 29.9% of the vote and 118 seats in the parliament.

     In their 27th congress in May 1979 Gonzalez resigned because of  the party would not identified its Marxist character. In September the extraordinary 28th congress was called in which González was re-elected when the party agreed to move away from Marxism.  In the referendum of 1978, PSOE supported the Spanish Constitution, which was approved. In the 1979 elections they gained 30.5% of the vote and 121 seats, remaining the main opposition party.  On October 28, 1982, the PSOE was victorious, with 48.5% of the vote (10,000,000 total). Felipe González became Prime Minister of Spain on December 2, a position he held until March 1996.

    Though the party had previously opposed NATO(north atlantic treaty organization), after reaching the government most party leaders supported keeping Spain inside the organisation.  PSOE other hand supported the United States in the First Gulf War (1991) . Filepe Gonzalez lost the election against the conservative PARTİDO POPULAR  because of economic crisis, several corruption scandals, state terrorsim and violent separatist group ETA( Basque Homeland and Freedom)

    (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna) ETA is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. The group was founded in 1959 and they evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a pre-military group with the goal of gaining independence for the Greater Basque Country from a Marxist-Leninist perspective .

    In 2001, a new general secretary, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero was elected, renewing the party .José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero was born in Valladolid , and he is a lawyer.  He grew up in León, where his family originated. Spain's version of September 11 occurred on March 11, 2004, when Al Qaeda operatives bombed commuter trains in Madrid, killing over 200 and wounding more than 1600 people. Three days later, Spaniards flocked to the polls for their parliamentary elections, voting out Jos Maria Aznar of the center-right Popular Party (PP) and giving a surprising victory to Jos Luis Rodriguez Zapatero of the Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE).

               LUİS RODRİGUEZ ZAPATERO’S REFORMS 

         He has reversed many of the policies of his predecessor, some in just five short months after election, most notably his decision to withdraw Spanish troops from Iraq. He has designed and implemented a radically different foreign policy, favoring the bastions of Old Europe, France and Germany, over the United States. The radical decision fort he zapatero. Some of the main action taken by the zapatero administration were the spanish troops withdrawal from the ıraq war, which resulted in long term diplomatic tension with the George w. Bush administration, other hand increase of spanish troops in afghanistan the idea of an alliance of civilizations co-sponsored by the turkish prime minister, sex marriage legalization, reform of abortion law a controversial peace negotiation attempt with eta the incease of tobacco restrictions and the reform of various autonomous statues particularly the statute of catalonia.

          These diplomatic changes were followed by a true revolution in domestic policies. Zapatero has introduced broad social and cultural reforms, including a bill that legalizes gay marriage and adoption of children, which passed the Congress of Deputies in June 2005. He has proposed a new "fast-track divorce" system which slashes the time it takes to complete the legal process from two years to just ten days. 

    he has recently opened the door for thousands of illegal immigrants in Spain, granting amnesty to an estimated 800,000 illicit migrants. On 9 March 2008 the PSOE won the Spanish general elections again with José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero remaining Prime Minister of Spain.  The Socialists increased their share of seats in the Congress of Deputies from 164 to 169 after the latest election..